Partial Knee Replacement Surgery

Osteoarthritis(OA) is a form of arthritis and a degenerative joint disease characterized by the breakdown and eventual loss of joint cartilage. Cartilage is a protein substance that serves as a cushion between the bones of a joint. With OA, the top layer of cartilage breaks down and wears away, allowing bones under the cartilage to rub together.

Although the root cause of OA is unknown, the risk of developing symptomatic OA is influenced by multiple factors such as age, gender and inherited traits that  can affect the shape and stability of your joints. Other factors can include:

• A previous knee injury
• Repetitive strain on the knee
• Improper joint alignment
• Being overweight
• Exercise or sports-generated stress placed on the knee joints

Symptoms of OA of the knee include:

• Pain while standing or walking short distances, climbing up or down stairs or getting in and out of chairs
• Knee pain with activity
• Start up pain or stiffness when activities are initiated from a sitting position
• Stiffness in your knee joint after getting out of bed
• Swelling in one or more areas of the knee
• A grating sensation or crunching feeling when you use your knee

Whether your OA is mild or severe, your physician will most likely recommend certain lifestyle changes to reduce stress on your knee joints. Additional disease and pain management strategies may include: physical therapy, steroid injections, over-the-counter pain medications such as acetaminophen, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) or topical pain relieving creams.

Please speak with your physician if your symptoms aren’t responding to non-surgical solutions, or your pain can no longer be controlled by medication. You could be a candidate for surgery.

The most common surgical knee intervention performed for OA is a total knee replacement. During this procedure, the natural joint is removed and replaced with an artificial implant. This treatment option is usually offered to patients with advanced osteoarthritis of the knee. Total knee replacement is not always optimal for patients with early to mid-stage osteoarthritis in just one or two compartments of the knee. For patients with partial OA of the knee, MAKOplasty® Partial Knee Resurfacing may be the more appropriate solution.

MAKOplasty Partial Knee Resurfacing is an innovative treatment option for adults living with early to midstage OA in the medial (inner), patellofemoral (top), or lateral (outer) compartments of the knee. It is powered by the RIO^® Robotic Arm Interactive Orthopedic System, an enabling implant design which allows for consistently reproducible precision in performing partial knee resurfacing.

During the procedure, the diseased portion of the knee is resurfaced, sparing the patient’s healthy bone and surrounding tissue. An implant is then secured in the joint to allow the knee to move smoothly again. MAKOplasty Partial Knee Resurfacing can:

• Facilitate optimal implant positioning to result in a more natural feeling knee following surgery
• Result in a more rapid recovery and shorter hospital stay than traditional knee replacement surgery
• Be performed on an outpatient basis
• Promote a rapid relief from pain and return to daily activities

As a knee arthroplasty procedure, MAKOplasty is typically covered by Medicare insures- check with your private health insurers.

The MAKOplasty Partial Knee Resurfacing procedure is designed to relieve the pain caused by joint degeneration and potentially offers the following benefits:

• Improved surgical outcomes
• Less implant wear and loosening
• Joint resurfacing
• Bone sparing
• Smaller incision
• Less scarring
• Reduced blood loss
• Minimal hospitalization
• Rapid recovery

The RIO Robotic Arm Interactive Orthopedic System features three dimensional pre-surgical planning. During surgery, the RIO provides the surgeon with real-time visual, tactile and auditory feedback to facilitate optimal joint resurfacing and implant positioning. It is this optimal placement that can result in more natural knee motion following surgery.

MAKOplasty can be performed as either an inpatient procedure or an outpatient basis depending on what your orthopedic surgeon determines is right for you. Hospital stays average anywhere from one to three days, ambulatory patients return home the same day. In many cases, patients are permitted to walk soon after surgery, drive a car within two weeks and return to normal activities shortly thereafter.

All implants have a life expectancy that depends on several factors including the patients weight, activity level, quality of bone stock and compliance with their physician’s orders. Proper implant alignment and precise positioning during surgery are also very important factors that can improve the life expectancy of an implant. Through the use of RIO, implants can be optimally aligned and positioned to ensure the longest benefit. RESTORIS MCK implants enable the treatment of one or two compartments with OA disease. With single compartment disease, a second compartment may be treated in the future if OA spreads. In addition, because very little bone is actually removed during a MAKOplasty procedure, the implants can be replaced with another procedure such as a total knee replacement, if necessary.